Media News & Other Thing

India total area (32,87,263 sq.km). Area wise, Rajasthan (3,42,239 sq.Km) is the largest state and Goa(3,702sq.Km) is the smallest. 

 There are 18 Biosphere Reserves in India, out of which 9 Biosphere Reserves have been recognised by the UNESCO on world Network of Biosphere Reserves

 The INDIA  is situated North of the equator between 8°4' to 37°06' North latitude and 68°07' to 97°25' east longitude.  The location of the INDIA is in the northern and the eastern hemisphere.

 Wet Sub temperate Zone :- Dalhousie, dharamshala, Palampur, Baijnath, Jogindernagar.  Humid Sub-temperate zone:- Kullu, Shimla, some parts of Mandi, Solan, Chamba, Kangra & Sirmaur.  Dry temperate Zone:- Alpine high parts of lahul Spiti, Pangi, kinnaur.  Humid sub tropical zone :- Mandi, Nahan, Nalagarh, Nurpur etc.  Sub-Humid tropical zone:- Paonta Sahib, Indore area of kangra. 

BANK OF HINDUSTAN was the first bank established in India (1770).  First purely India bank was PUNJAB NATIONAL BANK (1894).  RESERVE BANK OF INDIA (RBI) was established in 1935 and RBI act,  1934. RBI is the central bank of India. 

 The Governor is the Constitutional Head of the state and the same Governor can act as Governor of more than one state (Article 153). The Governor is appointed by the President (Article 155) and Article 156 states that the Governor holds  office during the pleasure of the President.  Article 171 states that the states where Legislative Councils exists, the Governor can nominated some members from amongst those distinguished in literature, science, art, cooperative movement and social service. 

Budget was introduced for the time in India on 1860 by the East India Company to the British Crown James Wilson.  The first budget for the Union of India was Presented on 26 November 1947 by the first finance Minister RK Shanukham Chftty. But actually it was a review of the economy and no new taxes were proposed.  Till 1955,the budget was Presented only in English. However from 1955-1956, the budget documents are presented both in English and Hindi.  Morarji Desai, the former finance Minister of India, has presented the budget a recorded 10 times.  Indira Gandhi was the first woman to Present the Budget for 1970-1971.But that time was not a finance Minister.  Budget presented by Manmohan Singh in 1991 was known as 'The Epochal Budget'.  P Chidambaram 1997-1998 Budget was Termed as DREAM BUDGET for LOWERING TAXES RATES.  The Budget presented in the year 2000 by the Yashwant Sinha is termed as "The Millennium Budget". It is said to have revolutionised India's Inform

On 6 August 1945 an atom bomb 'Little Boy'  was dropped on the city of HIROSHIMA. Japan was asked to surrender and when they refused another atom bomb 'Fat Man' was dropped on 9 August 1945 on the city of NAGASAKI. 

The Godavari  river is the Largest Peninsula river System. It is also Called the Dakshin Ganga. It rises in the Nasik district of Maharashtra and discharges it's water into the Bay of Bengal. 

Mercury, Venus,  Earth,  Mars are called terrestorial Planets. Jupiter,  Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are called Gaseous Planets. 

Jawahar Nehru (May 1964)  (15 August 1947 - 27 May 1964). Lal Bahadur Shastri (January 1966)  (9 June 1964 - 11 January 1966). Indira Gandhi (October 1984) (24 January 1966 - 24 March 1977) - (14 January 1980 - 31 October 1984).

For the first time in 1969 when the President Dr. Zakir Hussain died and the Vice-president Shri  V. V Giri resigned, the Chief Justice Md. Hidayatullah acted as President. 

The longest National Highway (NH) in India is(3745 km) long NH-44(Srinagar - kanyakumari). Earlier it was Nhi (Varanasi-Kanyakumari:- 2369 km).  The new NH-44 is the Combination of NH- 1A, 1,2,3,7,26 and 75.  It passes through 12 states J&k, HP, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, UP, MP, Maharashtra, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, KARNATAKA & Tamil Nadu. 

The shortest National Highway was the NH 47A {5.9km(3.9mi)}, which connected kundanoor Junction of Maradu in Kochi city to the Kochi port at Willingdon Island. 

The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constitutuent Assembly of India on 22 July 1947. In the state emblem, adopted by the Government of India on 26th January 1950 only three Lions are visible, the fourth being hidden from view.  The song Jana-gana-mana, Composes originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its Hindi Version by the Constitution Assembly as the National Anthem of India on 24th January 1950.Playing time of the full Version of the national anthem is approximately 52 seconds.   The song was published in the novel 'Anandmath', authored by Bankimchandra Chatterji and was adopted as the National Song on 26th January 1950. Playing time of the Song one(1) and five(5) seconds. (65 seconds).   The National Calendar based on the Saka Era, Chaitra as it's first month and a normal year of 365 days was adopted from 22nd March 1957 along with the Gregorian Calendar for the following official purpose:- Gazette of India, newsbroadcast by All Indi

Qualification of Prime Minister of India be above 25 years of age if they are members of the lok Sabha or above 30years of age if they are a member of the Rajya Sabha. 

The first General election ( Parliamentary election) were held in our Country in the 21 October 1951 to 21 February 1952.

There are five distinct layers of the atmosphere Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere & Ecosphere. 

The Supreme Court of India was inaugurated on 28 January 1950. Presently, Supreme Court is functioning at full Strength ( sanctioned strength 34). A small Bench, with two or three Justice, is Called a Division Bench. A large Bench, with five or more Justice, is called a Constitutional Bench. 

26th November is observed as 'Constitution Day' to celebrate the 125th birth anniversary of Dr B.R.Ambedkar, the government of India to observe 'Constitution Day' on 26th November w.e.f 2015.

The Railway Budget was separate from the General Budget in 1921 on the recommendation of the Acworth Committee.  However, the Railway Budget has been merged with the General Budget from Budget Year 2017-2018.

It's old name was  kiragram  located on the bank of river  Binduka  which is known in modern period is  Binwa , a tributary of river  Beas .                                                  Baijnath Temple  was built two Brother  MANYUKA  and  AHUKA   (1204 A.D.)                                                                                                     

Longest Day in the Northern Hemisphere:- June 21 Longest Day in the Southern Hemisphere :- December 22 Shortest night in the Northern Hemisphere:- June 21 Shortest night in the Southern Hemisphere:- December 22 Longest night in the Northern Hemisphere :- December 22 Longest night in the Southern Hemisphere :- June 21 Shortest Day in the Northern Hemisphere:- December 22 Shortest Day in the Southern Hemisphere :- June 21

There are five major Rivers flowing through Himachal Pradesh:- Beas, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej & Yamuna. 

In the state emblem adopted by the government of India on 26th January 1950 only three Lions are visible, the fourth being hidden from view. 

The Design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constitution Assembly of India on 22 July 1947. For the first time the National Flag of India was hoisted in the mid-night of the 14th August 1947.

The song Jana-gana-mana, Composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, was adopted in its hindi version by the Constituent Assem as the National Anthem of India on 24 January 1950.  Playing time of the full version of the national anthem is approximately 52 seconds. 

The Panchayati Raj was introduced for the first time on 2 October 1959 in Nagpur District of Rajasthan.  All persons above 21 years of age and qualified to be a member of the State Legislature are qualified as a member of a Panchayat(Article 243f).

Some states have bi-cameral Legislature ( having two Houses). The six states having two Houses are Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar.  Legislative Council (vidhan Parishad) is a permanent body like the council of state (Rajya Sabha). 

GOVERNOR GENERALS AND VICEROYS(1858-1947). Lord Canning (1858-1862). Lord Elgini(1862-1863).  Sir John Lawrence (1864-1869). Lord Mayo(1869-1872).  Lord Northbrook (1872-1876).  Lord  Lytton(1876-1880).  Lord Ripon (1880-1884).  Lord Dufferin(1884-1888).  Lord Lansdowne (1888-1894).  Lord Elgin II (1894-1899).  Lord Curzon (1899-1905).  Lord Minto II (1905-1910).  Lord Hardings (1910-1916).  Lord Chelmsford (1916-1921).  Lord Reading (1921-1926).  Lord Irwin (1926-1931).  Lord willingdon(1931-1936).  Lord Linlithgow(1936-1943).  Lord Wavell(1943-1947).  Lord Mountbatten(March-August 1947).

Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister and the longest serving so far. (15 August 1947 - 27 May 1964).    The first and the only acting Prime Minister was Gulzarilal Nanda. (27 May 1964 - 9 June 1964). Lal Bahadur Shastri was the PM which died abroad, while in office at Takshent. ( 9 June 1964 - 11 January 1966). Gulzarilal Nanda has acted twice as the Prime Minister.  ( 11 January 1966 - 24 January 1966). Chaudhary Charan Singh was the only PM who did not face Parliament, while being in office.  ( 28 July 1979 - 14 January 1980). The Youngest Prime Minister was Rajeev Gandhi ( 31 October 1984 - 2 December 1989) and the oldest Prime Minister was Morarji Desai(24 March 1977 - 28 July 1979). AB Vajpayee government had the shortest tenure. (13days).  (16 May 1996 - 1 June 1996). V.P.Singh was the first Prime Minister to loose-confidence of the House.  (2 December 1989 - 10 November 1990).

The Lok Sabha at present consists of 543 members (530 members are directly elected from the states and 13 from Union Territories.  The Lok Sabha is the Lower House of the Parliament and it's first sitting took place on 13th May 1952.

GOVERNOR GENERALS OF FREE INDIA (1947-1950). LORD MOUNTBATTEN (1947-1948).  C. RAJAGOPALACHARI (JUNE 1948 - January 25, 1950).

GOVERNOR GENERALS OF INDIA (1833-1858). Lord William Bentick (1833-1835).  Sir Charles Metcalfe(1834-1836).  Lord Auckland (1836-1842).  Lord EllenBorough (1842-1844).  Lord Hardings I (1844-1848).  Lord Dalhousie (1848-1856).  Lord Canning (1856-1858). 

GOVERNOR GENERALS OF BENGAL (1774-1833). Warren Hastings (1774-1785).  Lord Cornwallis (1786-1793).  Sir Johan Shore(1793-1798).  Lord Wellesley (1798-1805).  George Barlow(1805-1807).  Lord Minto I (1807-1813).  Lord Hastings (1813-1823).  Lord Amherst (1823-1828).  Lord William Bentick (1828-1833). 

Jawaharlal Nehru :-  Exteernal Affairs and Commonwealth Relations. Sardar vallabhbhai Patel :- Home, Information & Broadcasting.  Dr Rajendra Prasad :- Food & Agriculture.  Jagjivan Ram :- Labour.  Sardar Baldev Singh :-  Defence.  CH Bhabha :- Works, Mines and Power.  Liaquat Ali Khan :- Finance.  Abdur Rab Nishtar :- Posts and Air.  Asaf Ali :- Railwaya and Transport.  C Rajagopalachari :-  Education and Arts.  II Chundrigar :- Commerce.  Ghaznafar Ali Khan :- Health.  Joginder Nath Mandal :- Law. 

Biggest Planet:- Jupiter.  Biggest Satellite:- Ganymede (Jupiter).  Blue Planet:- Earth.  Green Planet:- Uranus.  Brightest Planet:- Venus.  Brightest Planet and outside Solar System:- Sirius (Dog Star).  Closest Star of Solar System:- Proxima Centauri.  Coldest Planet:- Neptune.  Evening Star:- Venus.  Farthest Planet from Sun:- Neptune.  Planet with maximum number of Satellites:- Saturn(Overtaking Jupiter).  Fastest revolution in Solar System:- Mercury.  Hottest Planet:- Venus.  Densest Planet:- Earth.  Fastest rotation in Solar System:- Jupiter.  Morning Star:- Venus.  Nearest Planet to Earth:- Venus.  Nearest Planet to Sun:- Mercury.  Red Planet:- Mars.  Slowest Revolution in Solar System:- Neptune.  Slowest Rotation in Solar System:- Neptune.  Smallest Planet:- Mercury.  Smallest Satellite:- Deimos(Mars).  Earth's Twin:- Venus.  Only Satellite with an atmosphere like Earth:- Titan. 

There are seven Parliamentary Constituencies in Himachal Pradesh  (four- Lok Sabha :- Hamirpur, Kangra, Mandi & Shimla and Three Rajya Sabha).  Each Lok Sabha Constituency consists of 17 Legislative Constituencies.  The Shimla Lok Sabha Constituency is reserve for Scheduled Castes (SC). 

The first Attorney General of Independent of India was MC SETALVAD (1950-1962) 

The Government of India decided to create new category of 'Clasical Language' (2004) and laid down the criteria for conferring the classical language status (2006). At present six language:- Tamil(2004), Sanskrit(2005), Telugu(2008), Kannada (2008), Malayalam(2013), & odia(2014) are granted the classical language status. 

In India, the Tropic of cancer (23.5°N latitude) passes through 8 States.  Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripur & Mizoram.